Can Depression Cause Fatigue?

Munira Electricwala

Psychologist | Researcher | Psychological Scientist | Writer

24 Sep 20244 min read

Tired exhausted woman makes face palm, has problems with mental health like depression

Introduction: Is Depression Draining Your Energy?

Depression and fatigue are closely linked, with many individuals experiencing overwhelming tiredness alongside their mental health struggles. Understanding this connection is crucial, as it can significantly impact daily life and overall well-being. This article explores how depression can lead to fatigue, the underlying mechanisms, and the importance of seeking professional help.

Understanding Fatigue and Depression by Definition

Fatigue is a state of extreme tiredness or lack of energy that can affect physical and mental performance. It is more than just feeling sleepy; it encompasses a sense of lethargy that can hinder daily activities.

Depression, on the other hand, is a mood disorder characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of interest in previously enjoyed activities. It can manifest in various symptoms, including changes in sleep patterns, appetite, and energy levels.

Can Fatigue Cause Depression?

Yes, fatigue can contribute to the onset or worsening of depression. Research indicates a bidirectional relationship between these two conditions—while depression often leads to fatigue, chronic fatigue can also increase the risk of developing depressive symptoms.

Present Research Findings on the Connection Between Fatigue and Depression

Studies Suggesting Fatigue as a Symptom: Research shows that over 90% of individuals with depression report experiencing fatigue as a prominent symptom. This fatigue often stems from disrupted sleep patterns and low motivation to engage in daily activities.

Studies Highlighting Bidirectional Links: A study (2020) found that chronic fatigue not only exacerbates depressive symptoms but can also lead to the development of depression in previously healthy individuals.

Psychological and Somatic Perspectives: Some research (2009) suggests that fatigue should be viewed as both a psychological and physical symptom of depression, highlighting its complex nature.

Impact on Daily Functioning: Fatigue significantly impairs daily functioning and engagement in social activities, which can further deepen feelings of isolation and sadness associated with depression.

Neurotransmitter Influence: Depression affects neurotransmitters that regulate energy levels, contributing to feelings of exhaustion. This physiological impact makes it challenging for individuals to regain their energy even after adequate rest.

Why Does Depression Make You Tired?

Depression influences various biological processes that lead to fatigue:

Sleep Disturbances: Many people with depression experience insomnia or hypersomnia, leading to poor sleep quality and subsequent tiredness.
Cognitive Impairment: Depression can cause difficulties in concentration and decision-making, often described as "brain fog," which contributes to mental exhaustion.
Motivational Decline: The lack of motivation associated with depression makes even simple tasks feel daunting, resulting in physical and emotional drain.

Symptoms of Depression to check. This will help you understand when to seek help:

Emotional Symptoms

Persistent Sadness: A continuous feeling of sadness or emptiness.
⁠Irritability: Increased frustration or anger over minor issues.
Feelings of Hopelessness: A belief that things will never get better.
⁠Guilt or Worthlessness: Excessive feelings of guilt or a sense of being a failure.

Physical Symptoms

Changes in Appetite: Significant weight loss or gain, or changes in eating habits.
Sleep Disturbances: Insomnia or sleeping too much.
Fatigue: A constant feeling of tiredness or lack of energy.
⁠Aches and Pains: Unexplained physical symptoms, such as headaches or digestive issues.

Cognitive Symptoms

⁠Difficulty Concentrating: Trouble focusing, making decisions, or remembering things.
Negative Thinking: A tendency to dwell on negative thoughts or events.

Behavioural Symptoms

⁠Withdrawal from Social Activities: Avoiding friends, family, and previously enjoyed activities.
⁠Decreased Performance: A decline in work or academic performance.

By understanding the depression-fatigue connection, those affected can take proactive steps toward managing their mental health effectively. Seeking support from professionals like those at Mave Health and their resources on tDCS can provide valuable guidance for navigating these challenges.

Do Read More About Depression

Conclusion

The relationship between depression and fatigue is complex and multifaceted. While depression can lead to significant tiredness, chronic fatigue may also play a role in exacerbating depressive symptoms. It is essential for individuals experiencing these symptoms to consult healthcare providers for personalised guidance and treatment options.

References

Brigitta, B. (2002). Pathophysiology of depression and mechanisms of treatment. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 4(1), 7–20. https://doi.org/10.31887/dcns.2002.4.1/bbondy
Brown, L. F., & Kroenke, K. (2009). Cancer-Related Fatigue and Its Associations With Depression and Anxiety: A Systematic Review. Psychosomatics, 50(5), 440–447. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.psy.50.5.440
Crna, R. N. M. (2019, August 12). Tips for finding motivation with depression. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/315862
Crna, R. N. M. (2020, March 29). Fatigue and Depression: Are They Connected? Healthline. https://www.healthline.com/health/depression/fatigue
Depression. (n.d.). National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/depression
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Electricwala, M. (2024a, August 27). Neurotransmitters: Roles, Functions, and Impact on Mental Health. Mave Health. Retrieved September 18, 2024, from https://www.mavehealth.com/blogs/neurotransmitters-functions-examples-disorders
Gangwani, P. (2024d, July 25). Sleep and Depression: Understanding Connection & How it Affects. MAVE HEALTH PRIVATE LIMITED. https://www.mavehealth.com/blogs/depression-and-sleep
Kupferberg, A., & Hasler, G. (2023). The social cost of depression: Investigating the impact of impaired social emotion regulation, social cognition, and interpersonal behavior on social functioning. Journal of Affective Disorders Reports, 14, 100631. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadr.2023.100631
Mave. (2024d, July 24). Depression Brain Fog: Symptoms, Causes & How to Manage. MAVE HEALTH PRIVATE LIMITED. https://www.mavehealth.com/blogs/depression-brain-fog
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