Can Men Get Postpartum Depression?

Munira Electricwala

Psychologist | Researcher | Psychological Scientist | Writer

25 Sep 20244 min read

father holding baby and doing chores - Can Men Get Postpartum Depression?

Introduction: The Surprising Truth About Dads and Their Feelings!

The arrival of a new baby is often seen as a joyous occasion, but it can also bring significant emotional challenges for both mothers and fathers. While postpartum depression (PPD) is commonly associated with women, research indicates that men can also experience this condition, often referred to as paternal postpartum depression (PPPD). Understanding the nuances of male postpartum depression is crucial, as it can impact not only the father but also the family unit and the child's development.

Understanding Male Postpartum Depression and Depression by Definition

Male Postpartum Depression: Male postpartum depression is characterised by a major depressive episode that occurs in males within the first year after the birth of a child. Symptoms may include irritability, emotional detachment, and feelings of inadequacy, which can significantly affect parenting and family dynamics.

Depression: Depression is a mental health disorder marked by persistent sadness, loss of interest in activities, and various emotional and physical problems. It can manifest differently in men compared to women, often leading to symptoms like anger and irritability rather than sadness.

Can Male Postpartum Depression Cause Depression?

Yes, male postpartum depression can lead to broader depressive symptoms. Research indicates that fathers experiencing PPPD may face increased risks of developing major depressive disorder (MDD) due to various factors such as hormonal changes, stress from new parental responsibilities, and the emotional toll of supporting a partner who may also be struggling with PPD.

Men can experience postpartum depression (PPD), which can manifest as emotional, behavioral, and physical symptoms like sadness, anxiety, anger, and sleep issues. Risk factors include a history of depression, hormonal changes, and feeling disconnected from the baby or partner. Treatment options include therapy and medication.

Present Research Findings on the Connection Between Male Postpartum Depression and Depression

Studies Suggests: Research (2019) shows that approximately 8-10% of fathers experience postpartum depression, with prevalence peaking around three to six months after childbirth. This period is critical as fathers may feel overwhelmed by new responsibilities and changes in family dynamics.

Impact of Maternal Depression: Fathers are at a significantly higher risk for developing PPD if their partners are also experiencing depression. Studies (2007) indicate that nearly 50% of fathers with depressed female partners report symptoms of their own.

Hormonal Influences: Hormonal changes in fathers, particularly declines in testosterone during their partner's pregnancy and after childbirth, have been linked to increased vulnerability to depression.

Social Isolation: Many fathers report feeling marginalised during the postpartum period, which can exacerbate feelings of inadequacy and lead to depressive symptoms.

Coping Mechanisms: Fathers often struggle with expressing their emotions due to societal expectations around masculinity, leading to increased stress and potential depressive symptoms.

Symptoms of Depression to check. This will help you understand when to seek help:

Emotional Symptoms

Persistent Sadness: A continuous feeling of sadness or emptiness.
⁠Irritability: Increased frustration or anger over minor issues.
Feelings of Hopelessness: A belief that things will never get better.
⁠Guilt or Worthlessness: Excessive feelings of guilt or a sense of being a failure.

Physical Symptomsdevelop

Changes in Appetite: Significant weight loss or gain, or changes in eating habits.
Sleep Disturbances: Insomnia or sleeping too much.
Fatigue: A constant feeling of tiredness or lack of energy.
⁠Aches and Pains: Unexplained physical symptoms, such as headaches or digestive issues.

Cognitive Symptoms

⁠Difficulty Concentrating: Trouble focusing, making decisions, or remembering things.
Negative Thinking: A tendency to dwell on negative thoughts or events.

Behavioural Symptoms

⁠Withdrawal from Social Activities: Avoiding friends, family, and previously enjoyed activities.
⁠Decreased Performance: A decline in work or academic performance.

Readers may consider taking support from professionals like Mave Health and their resources on tDCS that provide valuable guidance for navigating these challenges.

Do Read More About Depression

Conclusion

The relationship between male postpartum depression and overall mental health is complex but significant. Men can experience profound emotional changes after the birth of a child, which may lead to or exacerbate existing mental health issues. Healthcare providers need to recognize these risks and incorporate screening for paternal postpartum depression into routine care. Encouraging fathers to seek help is vital for their well-being and their families. If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms of paternal postpartum depression, consulting a healthcare provider for personalised guidance is crucial. Understanding that men can experience postpartum depression is an important step toward fostering healthier family dynamics. By addressing these issues openly and seeking appropriate support, families can navigate the challenges of parenthood more effectively.

References

Kim, P., & Swain, J. E. (n.d.). Sad Dads: Paternal Postpartum Depression. PubMed Central (PMC). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2922346/
McKenzie, S. K., Collings, S., Jenkin, G., & River, J. (2018). Masculinity, Social Connectedness, and Mental Health: Men’s Diverse Patterns of Practice. American Journal of Men S Health, 12(5), 1247–1261. https://doi.org/10.1177/1557988318772732
Perinatal Depression in Partners: Can Both Parents Get the. (n.d.). HealthyChildren.org. https://www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-stages/prenatal/delivery-beyond/Pages/dads-can-get-postpartum-depression-too.aspx
Postpartum Depression in Men. (2019, May 1). PubMed. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31440396
Razdan, V. (2024b, September 10). How Depression Manifests Differently in Men: Recognizing the Signs. Mave Health. Retrieved September 19, 2024, from https://www.mavehealth.com/blogs/signs-of-depression-in-men
The Scottish Government. (2024, January 23). Paternal perinatal mental health: evidence review. https://www.gov.scot/publications/paternal-perinatal-mental-health-evidence-review/pages/6/
1 in 10 dads experience postpartum depression, anxiety: How to spot the signs | Your Pregnancy Matters | UT Southwestern Medical Center. (n.d.). https://utswmed.org/medblog/paternal-postpartum-depression/
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